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A man works from
sun to sun, but a woman's work is never done
By GRACE HOUSHOLDER
The News-Sun
For the woman who wanted to keep a clean home and feed her family
well, life during the first half of this century was very, very hard.
Things that we take for granted - running water, good cleaning
products, permanent press clothes, refrigeration, vacuum cleaners,
dishwashers, central heat, etc. - were rare or nonexistent during
the early 1900s.
Most women devoted one to three days each week just to washing
and ironing. Some even made their own soap and their own starch.
A chicken dinner started not with going to the grocery store
but with catching the chicken and killing it.
The phrase, "A man works from sun to sun, but a woman's
work is never done" aptly describes the lives of most of
our female ancestors.
To provide glimpses of what life was like for women during the
first half of this century, the Indiana Extension Homemakers
Association sponsored an oral history project called "Memories
of Hoosier Homemakers." Eleanor Arnold was the editor of
the books and which came out in the early 1980s. There was also
a video.
Here are some quotes from northeastern Indiana homemakers that
will transport us back in time to "the good old days ..."
"We didn't get electricity until about 1916. The first
electricity we had was generated here in town. The lights came
on at 6 in the morning and went off at 10 at night."
Bernice Hirst, 87, LaGrange County
"We used to make 5 gallons of cottage cheese every week
and had to carry all that sour milk up the cellar stairs and
scald it and work out that sour milk. One of the grocery men
took 5 gallons every week ... and oh that was a task."
Della Ackerman, 77, Noble County
"We liked to cook and we liked to eat, too. I got dinner,
by myself, for 64 people for my mother's birthday ... (When I
was a child) we had basements, cellars at the time, and they
were cool. We kept vegetables, potatoes and apples down there
nearly all winter. And we had a hanging shelf and on this shelf
we would put our butter and milk and it was kept cool. I remember
when we got our first ice box. I remember when they used to cut
ice from Shipshewana Lake and bring it to town ... We had to
empty the water pan underneath the icebox where the ice melted."
Bernice Esch, 70, LaGrange County
Threshing was a hot, dirty, hard job, yet families enjoyed
it because it was a time of getting together with other people,
helping them and laughing together.
"Children looked forward to the time we threshed. They would
watch for the threshing machine to come ... At the house it was
a great day, too. You fixed food you knew the men would like
to eat, fixed a big meal. I always enjoyed seeing them eat."
Margaret Butler, 87, Steuben County
"My poor mother - I don't think she ever got any rest.
(She had 11 children.) On Sundays the kids in the neighborhood
came, too, and the preacher, he'd always say if no one asked
him on Sunday he always knew where to go ... It seemed like we
didn't have any money, but we sure always had plenty to eat."
Dorothy Hoffman, 60, Adams County
"In those days we had lots of pie, we didn't count calories
and a pie was a pie and we ate it and didn't think a thing about
it ... It was nothing for mother to bake every day, bread, and
make six loaves at a time."
Margaret Butler, 87, Steuben County
"Grandmother said, 'You use three handsful of flour and
one handful of lard and a pinch of salt, and water to make a
thick dough.'"
Sarah Amstutz, 80, DeKalb County
"I would start to school in the morning on a well-filled
stomach with pancakes, maple syrup, sausage and sometimes sauerkraut."
Lucille Imes, 82, Noble County
"The thing I didn't like was churning the butter. I had
an old stone churn and I sat there and I'd churn and cry. Then
I'd churn, then I'd cry. 'Cause the butter wouldn't come."
Opal Becker, 78, Noble County
"The Great Depression was something some of us that have
lived through it will never forget. The money that my husband
was earning at the Fort Wayne post office was a very small amount,
but nevertheless, by dividing it up with our family we managed
to see that everybody had plenty to eat and a place to live.
Frank's brother came back ... completely broke ... they had 10
cents. They had their own eggs, his wife would bake their own
bread and they got along for several weeks with absolutely no
money ..."
Sarah Amstutz, 82, DeKalb County
"As long as I knew my mother she never drove a car ..."
Della Ackerman, 77, Noble County
"Farm women always did work outside the home ... but
working away from the home, why that was an unheard of thing
when I was first married ..."
Ruby Leedy, 76, Whitley County
"We went to church on Sunday. That was one thing we always
did. It wasn't whether you wanted to go - it was the rule ...
Saturday night was bath night and then everybody had to see if
they had a pair of socks to put on clean Sunday morning. If they
needed mending, they had to mend their own socks. The boys had
a great time. They wanted to take a few stitches and pucker up
the hole ... They had to learn to darn their socks and that was
quite an ordeal."
Margaret Butler, 87, Steuben County
"I can remember, as a kid, I wanted to rake up some leaves
on Sunday afternoon, just to play in them. But Dad said, 'You
are not getting the rake out. We don't do that on Sunday. We
honor the Sabbath Day.'"
Bernice Esch, 70, LaGrange County
"I learned to drive our Model T car, and I'd put the baby
in a market basket in the seat beside me and away we went. Usually
to my parents or my in-laws."
Alice Jones, 79, Kosciusko County
"The first few dates that I had, we went in horse and
buggy. Mostly it was dates that we had after church and on Sunday
evenings. When I was a teen-ager they started what they called
the literary societies in each church. The young folks, we'd
get together one evening in the month and have a program, either
music or readings ... or a debate ... They were interesting and
educational as well as having a good time together. The literary
societies from different churches would get together for special
programs sometimes."
Ruth Hostetler, 79, LaGrange County
"The church I went to was the German Reformed Church,
and in the morning the preacher preached a German sermon and
in the evening he preached an English sermon. I attended both."
Anna Surfus, 85, DeKalb County
"Neighbors would get together early in the morning (for
butchering). The men would kill the hogs and get them into the
boiling water and as they cut up the animals the women would
work on making the sausage and things like that."
Dora Giggy, 79, LaGrange County
"There were two kinds of patent medicine that we always
kept on hand. One was called 'World's Benefactor.' It was something
on the order of sweet oil. The other was a 'summer complaint'
medicine. It was just as hot as fire, but if you'd get cramps
or diarrhea, it was good."
Maggie Owen, 95, Whitley County
"One time I remember Mother making mush and putting it
on the bottom of my feet. I don't remember my ailment, but I
shall never forget that mush oozing between my toes."
Lucile Imes, 82, Noble County
"The first radio I ever heard was a crystal set, and
you had to have earphones. There was only one person that had
a radio in LaOtto and everybody would go over there. They would
take their turns listening to that radio with the earphones."
Hazel Norden, 76, DeKalb County
"There wasn't anybody in town that had running water
when I was little. We had a pump. The pump for the drinking water
was outside, but we did have a pump on the inside that was connected
with a cistern. The hot water was fastened on the stove in a
reservoir and that's where we had the hot water, on the little
cookstove."
Bernice Hirst, 87, LaGrange County
"Mother would go outside to do her work and she'd say,
'Now, Della, you see to it that you bake this morning.' But you
know it was fun. I baked bread and cakes and pies and everything
from when I was a little one."
Della Ackerman, 77, Noble County
"When I was little our washing machine was one that we
had to turn the handle. It was on the back porch and my brother
and I had to take turns ... Monday was wash day and Tuesday was
ironing day ... Those were the irons that you had to heat on
the stove."
Dora Giggy, 79, LaGrange County
"We had running water. You pumped water in a bucket and
then you run with it!"
Ruth Grover, 79, Wells County
"All of us worked in the fields. We raised onions by
the train carload ... It wasn't hardly fair - the men would come
to the house at noon; they would feed the stock and they they
would sit down while Mother and us girls had to get the lunch
ready .... There wasn't any rest for us - we just had to go back
to the field. Same way in the evening ..."
Bernice Esch, 70, LaGrange County
"We didn't have much leisure time when I was young. I
was working all the time. Today they have too much leisure time
... I think the children would be better off if they had more
responsibilities."
Opal Becker, 78, Noble County
"Can you imagine my mother washing sheets from nine beds,
rubbing them by hand, then boiling them ... She would can around
1,000 quarts of fruit and vegetables a year ... She sewed for
seven of us besides helping the neighbors sew. And if there was
a new baby in the neighborhood she always went and stayed the
first three or four days ... I always said she was 20 years younger
than any daughter she had."
Bernice Esch, 70, LaGrange County
"When they talk about the good old days, forget it. I
LOOK AHEAD! Absolutely."
Dora Giggy, 79, LaGrange County
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